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The Reduction of CO₂ to CH₄ , occurs thermally and photochemically on silica surfaces doped with transition metal carbonyls.

The thermal reaction is stoichiometric, requires high temperatures. However the photochemical conversion is a photocatalytic, which occurs at room temperature and converts atmospheric CO₂ to CH₄ with water and hydrogen as by-products.

IMPACT: 

1. Reduces CO₂ thus helping minimize Global Warming
2. Potential Source of Methane Fuel
3. Process can also produce other volatiles